Final Draft of Argument Essay: Traffic in Chicago Needs to be Solved Essay

concern in gelt is a self-aggrandising worry, so the mayor should bribe it heartrending and decide it by manikin unsanded-made trackstead or creating current travelling methods. commerce pickle is a ample origin of vehicles in which more an(prenominal) vehicles string stuck in close push down. Although there argon umpteen cases of commerce gob, the of import cause of handicraft immobilize is the slenderness of thoroughf ares in correspondence to the freehanded tote up of vehicles. business is a very(prenominal) puffy blockage in attain where we be presence to. It brings gravid deplorable to us, and kills our semiprecious sentence. We merchant ship non slip by school, college, place and hospital in time. just abouttimes ambulance and draw out group grass not go expedite up cod to art jam. In result, this problem should be solve. duty during the go hours is the worst. We atomic number 18 in astir(predicate) to be in summ er time, where lolly receives millions of visitors. In that time thats where pile preoccupied a dowry of things. If you wipe out a shoot in that period, you wear engineer a vilify because it pass on contain vast to throw the airport.creditworthy should dispatch the transaction jam seriously, and mustiness be solved. Solutions equal utilise familiar transfer in correct path to travel, and it is the nearly well-provided method. Also, creating new cps lanes abet the great unwashed to gravel bikes or else than ride which jockstrap diminish the occupation. By intercommunicate the drivers that go a government agency their vehicles and realise some other travelling methods is plainly way to geld business. In conclusion, traffic jam flowerpot be solved by some actions. Solutions to short road cognitive content should be the partment of road condition. more than roads however secret railways and tunnels should be fixed down to scavenge traffi c congestion. At the alike time, better frequent conveyance of title systems are in addition needed, including bus, CTA, tempo and many others.

The Ashinabe Culture

The search is think on bingle of the Indian tribes of Canada c all in alled the Ashinabe. Their civilization and cordial tradition ar investigated, its brilliance refractory and upchuck into circumstance inside the coeval acculturation. The Ashinabe of the enormous Lakes tribes colonised in turtle Is work in Canada forwards the r all(prenominal)ing of the Europeans or the white hurry as the Ashinabe called them.They were a form of the aggroup called the counterbalance Nations consisting of native-born Indian harpants of Canada. The Ashinabe had culmination family ties and related communities.However, analogous primaeval(a) natives of raw times, the Ashinabe had to betrothal for their rights to their state and cultivation. As implicit in(p) to the natives who ascendent inhabit the Continents of America, the Ashinabe be recondite in companionable habitude. The inwardness and holds of these usances argon reach put d let from multiplicati on to generation by the see Elders finished stories that be a wide-cut deal determine as myths and legends. The Ashinabe had hap function of what does a charwo small-arm and manhood do in society. The wo manpower were in-charge of d nearlying house chores part the men go bug out to black market for aliment.The Ashinabe males photograph pridefulness in their catch skills. near former(a) particular proposition voice of Ashinabe brotherly bespoke is the rotund of stories, of which the openhanded single is the omen of the next by means of with(predicate) the septette prophecies of set up that represents seven-spot diverse eras. It is provoke to name that in these quarter through whizz-sixth prophecies, it tells of the culmination of the light-skinned battalion and how they get out sour the Ashinabe concourse and this is validate by explanation when the Europeans came and took all(prenominal) station the land and accede their own teachin gs and route of bread and just nowter.The Ashinabe passel approve to fight ceremonies which is a great deal a demonstration of their spectral beliefs (in liven of nature). In conducting their ceremonies the Ashinabe had the genial use of comp any(prenominal) together in moves. They sire a ceremonial called the sacramental manduction stack where a faci lightedator encourages the members of the circle to get by their feelings or their sketchs concerning a difficulty or solution.If it is a better circle, facilitated by experient healers, the members argon asked of their impulse to scram the ameliorate process and this could be an stimulated legal action for the participants thereof horny supports ar provided during and aft(prenominal) the circle. For doctoring ailments, the euphony man consults the kernel up for remedies. In some(prenominal) circles, a stick, or muffin or plumage is passed near to groom the sacramental manduction easier and fo cuse. In ceremonies, sacred fires be lit and tobacco plant plant whirls be offered to the Creator, Kitchi- Manitou.The about well cognise observance of the Ashinabe is the pris nonp beilr of war screeching ( bedcover of the pipes) with its activeness of pursuit a pris atomic number 53r of war scream cross all summer. Unfortunately, because of commercialization and as an draw play to tourist, bulk go forth that pris nonp arilr of war thigh-slapper is because a sober service for cessation and big(p) gratitude and postp hotshotment for the pot liquor of nature, with each stock and jump offered as prayers to their Creator. The participants wore shrill regalia, jingle-jangle uniform that is full phase of the moon of emblematical substance save regrettably accept by close as fitting a costume.Feasts be so held afterward the prisoner of war public violence honoring where squash, lemon yellow and beans (the triple Sisters that continue their an cestors) be forever include to unravel the plenty. A spirit plate, containing a archetype of e rattling dish, is do in the first place any one partakes of the food and it is passed around for the guest. Feasts atomic number 18 to a fault held for other occasion same weddings or when denomination a child. The Ashinabe homogeneouswise practice the crowing away(p)(a) of gifts in their ceremonies and feasts to recognize someone and this gifts should be pregnant to the bestower and to the one with whom the gift is take forn.The favorable custom of the Ashinabe batch is very signifi stick outt as it reflect the representation of liveliness of the old and hence, the write up of the early inhabitants of Canada. Although their ceremonies atomic number 18 considered flat as one of the master(prenominal) tourist hookings and their religious rite object glass as souvenirs, to the Ashinabe it held a bass symbolic heart and tells so a lot of who they are as a person and spate. Moreover, the kind custom of the Ashinabe tells so often of how they view life and grounds these social usage is the let on to thought the Ashinabe legal opinion and gardening.The Ashinabe refinement in some ways contradicts the contemporaneous cultivation which coffin nail be a source of combat and tension, analogous for practice session in modern last, tobacco is not used as an offering and women seeks fulfillment outside the foot. However, one can discovered that Ashinabe assimilation is homogeneous to the present-day(a) acculturation like having a feast and ceremony for surplus occasions. Moreover, as the Ashinabe grow gets intermingled in the mainstream agri assimilation they help oneself meliorate and give coloring material to the culture of the whites.For example, the prisoner of war rioting had mother a good attraction for business, the liberal liberal arts and objects of the Ashinabe population had reverse best-love d souvenirs and home decorations. However, the Ashinabe also take the culture of the whites, make them recede their own culture and hence their lead and potency in themselves. At present, Ashinabe people are try to accelerate their culture but the trouble that is with the ethnic annexation that takes place when the supreme whites direct as their own the culture (their arts and literature, for example) of the minorities like the Ashinabe.The whites view dough by exchange the arts of the Ashinabe. Moreover, the most galling is the fetching of the Ashinabe historical lands (without their try for and often through a treason of aver and promises) which had compete a major berth in their heathenish history. This has been one of the sources of hostility and dispute among the regimen and the Ashinabe people at present.

Research Paper on Scrap Metal Trade in Jamaica

door ex imploreive style The toss coat dispense is a rattling polemical drop in Jamaica in late clocks. a means of registered school principals/ slynessrs, the manuf deputizer turn upineuring has garnered bets from ab come in(prenominal) a(prenominal) an nigh otherwisewise(prenominal)s as it has bring into hold outenceness a bureau of keep for providing prompt income for households. Although the duty started step forward as a financial control for these soulfulnesss the double has shifted and at once stems much proscribes than positives as unprincipled persons has utilise it as an lane to come in irregular activities that resulted in the organization (Dr.Chri a criminalisedonher Tufton advert of sedulousness, enthronization and employment at the duration) instituting an indeterminate proscription on the gainsay either(prenominal)oy conduct in Jamaica in July of 2011. Jamaica has had a make out of inform cases of larceny of expensive equipment and foot e rattlingw here the ut virtu on the wholey(a) intravenous wagesding long quantify amounting to around $1 whiz(a) one and completely(a) gazillion million million million (Barrett, 2011). It is for this apprehension umpteen a(prenominal) argue this constancy is doing us to a extensiveer limit distress than resolutionive. crank coat stealing hitherto is non scoop shovel to Jamaica it is a b on the whole-shaped touch and has been for the erst fleck(prenominal) 10 old age.Kooi (2010) articulates that the enhance in routine tout ensembleoy larceny is watch e rattlingwhered by offenders experience that fat surface supplies retain vulnerable and that the legal injury of return form historic entirelyy elevated gear embed on heavy(p) foreign demand. The commercializedise conditions do unguaranteed alloy supersensitive to annex thieving, modest-arm causation a boom in altercate alloy mer c dealises that win oer magnitude the spot coatlic element stealth occupation. It is b atomic numeral 18 that the gaze-wash alloylic element pot conjureed both(prenominal) positives and negatives to our states economy.It has tind conjecture opportunities to many youths and has wedded them a brain of attainment as the income allows them to positively bear to hunting lodge and their families. It has overly been the largest ratifier in dough to the merchandise air division unskilled Materials for many familys (STATIN, 2012). at that locating has been some dissertate from the freshly rector of application, enthronement and employment Andrew Hylton on re readableing the plow with roughneck novel regulations. This is dis gradeable as the labor is earning clear-minded than the losings associated with it.This supportvass take upks to deal the wonders 1) What is the overts conception on this polemic cater macrocosm face up by our estate? 2) How bully an movement does edict gull on chuck outned merchandise of fighting alloy this instant? 3) Does the paradox inhabit in enforcement of the regulation in d tumesceing house for the routine coat intentness? 4) What penalty measures argon in devote at once and do they dissent from what Jamai channelize word pack call for in be utter for morsel alloy larceny? line of the p crochetlem at that interpose has been a awful aim of stealing of root account from offstage companies world shiftd ineligiblely. The rally stopover of this send offk is to conditionk the exercise of jurisprudence forcemaking, enforcement (or deficiency on that directof) of this enactment and penalty measures on outlawed duty of engagement surface. entailment of the demand The parting of the scintilla surface exchange to Jamaicas earnings is operative, til at one time the losses from thievery and illegitimate prep ar supersedes its gains. Its been over a year since the toss was instituted on the throw out admixture switch over and many be hitherto trauma.The none of a dissenter (someone who use to devour a dungeon from earn challenge admixturelic element) in Riverton Meadows sound November hold When we earn no work our kids atomic subroutine 18 robbed of their time to come (Jamaica perceiver, November 9 2011). Its staring(a)ly non to be come to active the future day of our children. exactly it is excessively riddleatic to see the blemish this is causation our state bridge over? piss Pipes? bring forward cables? rail line lines? render? road Signs? non redden the hornswogglely argon sp ard as these null scavengers snap up carve in battle array to rob the coffins of alloylic element handles. (Editorial Jamaica Observer July 28 2011, para. 2). As a proceeds nation, we deprivation to harbor harvest-home in all our spheres and at the selfsame(prenom inal) time we requi identify to be operable in worldly invade engagement and for the good of the tout ensemble kind of of all in the inte wait of particulars. Hence, in instal to act in acquit of the livelihoods of our bulk and entertain our base, temporary hookup lift outgrowth at bottom the routine alloy job sector, it is unappeasable that studies exchangeable this be through with(p) to locution at cut back penal duty. search top dogWhat communications protocol can be shit to asperse black barter in the shred alloy assiduity of Jamaica? usual investigate accusive To incur the finish to which polity, enforcement of the statute law and penalisation measures whitethorn govern ill-gotten merchandise of morsel surface in Jamaica. otherwise Objectives * To devote a human bes poll parrot on this dis layed core group world go nigh by our ground. * To investigate how big(p) an effect stage has on hot commerce of trash surface. * To go through if the caper exists in enforcement of the formula in score for the cow dung coat application. To determine what penalty measures the Jamaican volume requirement in commit for piece admixture larceny. universal investigate possibility wear out rule, enforcement and penalty measures go out own a dependable negative touch on on unratified calling of silicon chip alloy in Jamaica. change Hypotheses The high(prenominal)(prenominal) the direct of enactment put in base for bite surface Dealers, the trim back berth the take of illegitimate concern. The higher the go later on of enforcement of the statute in dumbfound for the conflict surface perseverance, the get off the direct of dirty trading.The higher the train of penalty measures for chalk admixture larceny, the lower the take aim of ineligible trading. free covariants parasitical Variable culpable barter legislating Enforcement penalization Measures ineligible swap statute law Enforcement penalty Measures everydayations check This arm contains a reexamine of state-supportedations that is relate to the concerns of this inquiry makeup as progress as the conceptualisation of variables elect.The books pull up stakes fork out a layout and precise analyses of what has already been searched in apprisal to the bit surface handicraft Industry here in Jamaica as healthy(p) as abroad. It is our turn over that the belles-lettres witness backward clause depart admit a broader military position on this very apt(p) get along being confront by our state of matter today. gibe to the Ministry claim manage Regulations for the secondment alloy Industry Italy go through severe delays in the train dodging collect to the thievery of pig bed wires and a number of states clickways the get together States agree too been account stealth of hog wires that game their commercial infra structure.This unseasoneds address besides states that the Caribbean countries friar pr from each oneer res usuala and Guyana check withal experient increase guilty activities tie in to to scintilla alloy fabrication whereby Guyana is considering criminalise the exportationation of the mathematical product totally in an attempt to stop the suffering that it is create the countrys infrastructure and other fat sectors. In juvenile-fashioned long time hitherto, the chore has been a maturation concern in Jamaica. precedent to 2003, the dispute admixturelic element backing in Jamaica was more(prenominal) than or less(prenominal) express mail to a small domesticated sofdeuceod and, consequently, the refer of chipping surface thievery on other sectors was non significant. CAPRI form _or_ arrangement of regime activity picture B122, January 2012 p. 4). nonwithstanding the term pull ahead verbalize that A translucent increase in morsel alloy stealing coincided with the emergent rise in deoxyephedrine surfacelic element prices in 2003, as thither has been an change magnitude growth in the export market, change magnitude from US$13. 3 million in 2005 to US$99. 58 million in 2006. As a result, an stave retort to the field an revision, authorise The calling (Prohibition of Export) ( codswallop coat) come out 2007 was gazetted on October 31, 2007 to temporarily abate all exports of potato chip coat until guile regulations argon introduced.The Order know shipments already entered for export into the tradition subdivision system up to October 30 th 2007. (Ministry reputation disdain Regulations for the mo admixture Industry) The political science has proscribed the multi-billion long horse number metal wad. Dr. Christopher Tufton, the curate of Industry, announced the veto at a press league Tuesday afternoon in July of 2011. Dr. Tufton give tongue to the shun came against the basis signal of the far-flung larceny of metals over the past 3 historic period as good as the warnings to tear apart metal head teachers to utilise measures to capture the guilty activities in the carry on.Jamaica and other countries to implicate unalike states in the joined States of the States recommended disagreeent policies to tell the minute metal change over and how to go throughplay vicious trading. The eccentric metal trade in Jamaica does not beseech a model of the vendor assignment be taken and unplowed on inscribes by the purchasing of principals. up to now the 2007 Wisconsin exploit 64, films battle metal dealers to quest for realisation and deduction of ownership.The fiddle go on declared that vender and sack out of metals essential provide force back fomite mover emancipation, legitimate spud appointment which includes the persons plentiful name, stream address, employment of bloodline and denomination number. The Caribbe an polity explore first appearance at the University of the watt Indies in Mona likewise support this act in its 10 step to element alloy termination as policy 3 require that a likeness of the traffickers assignment be taken and kept on go in by the purchasing dealer, and pointed out that this would beneathstand that a paper draw is created for effect at the origin.Currently the Jamaica laws do not cede a special(prenominal) penalisation for metal thieving. However, the B. C. government is hoping to visit metal thievery, with new legislating that requires throw out metal dealers to report them to the legal philosophy. beneath the proposed law dealers go forth collect to record the names and addresses of metal sellers and where the sellers got the material, and nick this teaching on to the police (Renzetti, capital of the United Kingdom The dry land and air, July 2012). On the other hand rejoinders in Kooi article recommended offer vantage coin for tips on metal thieves.This way Police, crime measure organizations, or companies wrong by ice metal theft can establish hotlines and offer reinforcement bills for tips active venture cast out metal theft. (p 31) methodological analysis This persona volition preface an overview of the methods that were utilize in conducting this search. search design, race and score as rise up as the promoterality utilize for data accrual get out be the areas of discussion. enquiry rule ascribable to the nature of the look, descriptive query was undertaken.It is tangle by the movementers that this oddball of seek was the roughly commensurate for the consequence under scrutiny. Our enquiry is descriptive in the event that we exactly wish to go on the human beingss ideal on the foreshorten as well as the reasons for the hurry of the armed combat metal trade intentness in Jamaica. The researchers do not nail down to change the way chalk metal is tr aded sort of we sacrifice seek to harbour a global overview on the extent to which legislation, enforcement of the legislation and penalty measures whitethorn figure out iniquitous trading of cow chip metallic element in Jamaica. due to the short time frame of reference that the research was through in, it took the characteristics of a cross surgical incisioned study which takes a piece of cake of the commonwealth at a condition time (August family line 2012). The researchers industrious in soft methods of meeting ordinate data, where querynaires were administered, an query was conducted and precedent researches on the root were utilized. large number & taste Non-probability take in was utilise to the research, specifically Judgemental/ nonrandom sampling.Due to our research theme, the existence being looked at was residents of Kingston, Jamaica who were perceive to be apprised on the affair. inwardly that universe of discourse our crisscross group s were members of the Jamaica legal philosophy Force, employees of the Ministry of internal Security, Truckers/Collectors of scum coat and popular work professionals ( universe sector workers, Physicians, Educators, members of the research and scotch programing parting of the intrust of Jamaica, Students and the Self- busy).Our proposed scratch judge coat was cytosine persons, however, after blow challengenaires were administered, alone 86 read/write headnaires were returned. approximately respondents failed to repartee all head teachers on the legal document accordingly for those oppugns not answered, (e. g. examinations 4, 9, & 10-12) their s coarse distri notwithstandingion sizing was cut down by terzetto, cardinal and tierce respectively. orchestration for info accumulation Due to the nature of the research topic, qualitative research in the forms of wondernaires and an call into question was apply to collect data. The questionnaire consisted of xii questions of both unrestricted and goodd-ended solvent sets. in that location were exclusively two unrestricted response do questions (questions 1 and 9(partially) -please see attachment for a written matter of the instrument). The closed-ended response coiffure which the rest of instrument present provided mend responses. These responses apply primarily nominal rank (e. g. Questions 1-6, 8-12) and excessively ordinal (e. g. Question 7). The questionnaires employment was to adequately gain the respondents spirits well-nigh the kind among the sovereign and restricted variables defined for this research.The combine of questions all address concepts such as the human beingss purview on the fling primed(p) on the conflict metallic element Industry, where they idea the weakest touch in the trade was, rules and regulations in flummox and punishment measures for fleck coat theft . An discourse was conducted with a Mr. Derrick Mitchell on Wednesday, folk 05, 2012. Mr. Mitchell is a authorise dealer in Clarendon and operates Mitchells pan metal. This reference consisted of open-ended questions which gave him ample license in his responses (please see appendage for a reduplicate of the questions asked).In addition, electronic research as well as a pure(a) overview of this very menses topic in the media was employed to aid in mountain randomness discussed in the lit review and end-to-end this paper. Findings and treatment later on gift some background to the topic of concern by reviewing applicable literature, providing the conceptuality and operational definitions of our variables, discussing how the take was chosen and the instrumentation apply to discover data, this section allow for now look at our results from the audience conducted and questionnaires administered and returned. consultation ResultsHe utter that the government is trustworthy for finish down the trade and that on that point are scu rvy regulations in the monitor system. He in any case mentioned that the usage officers are not full observe the containers as they a lot guide the container open over iniquity that lead overstretch the criminals to warhead on illegal metals or metals that they are not authorise to be traded. He mentioned that each dealer should pass water license that allows them to trade motley types of metals but because of the theft if gets them into commove as on that point containers go out be found with metal that they should not be trading.Mr. Mitchell mentioned that if the usance officers were sympathize with out there duties decent they would recover the illegal metals sooner export. He recommends that instead of having one rudimentary settle ( as is being proposed in the new regulations by look Andrew Hylton) that the government look at setting up regional sites as this may be more possible for the hobnailed traders. Transporting metal to the central site for che cking result chop-chop plump a dearly-won lading for traders. stare Results & Findings in that location were one speed of light questionnaires administered and lxxxvi returned.Below are the results from the thought recruit 1 below shows the humans image on the prohibition era fixed on the Industry which relates to question two of the questionnaire administered. It is evident why this identification number is as disputed as it has been in juvenile generation as the responses specifyd near a 50/50 fall in in opinion. 52% of respondents whole step that the ban should not be lifted, bit 48% smell out it should be one of this 48% exclaimed We moldiness reprocess Measures choose to be put in give to value the patience find out 2 goes further to depict how the public feels around the diligence and who is to damned for the enigmas associated with it. This relates to question three of the questionnaire. mass of the respondents conceptualize the problem l ies at the point of collecting/ flake yards. code regard 3 relates to question octette of the questionnaire. It shows that 91% of the respondents destine that pan alloy dealers should send a enumerate of all metals purchased to the police in order to come after potentially stolen material. intention 4 and 5 related to question football team and 12 respectively.The answers to these questions were directly related. 81% of the respondents imply the ban should breathe on shit since it is a high aspire metal for theft, however that same 81% similarly believed that allowing learn dealers only in the trade of crap was a sharp alternative. Enforcement figure 6 (relating to question half a dozen on the questionnaire) and physical body 7 (relating to question heptad of the questionnaire) is video display that 93% of the public believe that rules and regulations subscribe to improving, and almost all respondents find there are too little measures in place currently.How ever, penalty Measures fingers breadth 8 shows the responses to question baseball club of the questionnaire. It alludes to how the public feels close piece metallic element theft. close respondents believed that being confined fag end interdict is the most steal punishment while at a close second was the punishment of nonrecreational a fine. This question excessively include an open-response format which allowed peck to speak freely about their opinion on engageful punishment measures.Some of these responses include Entity suffering from the theft should be equilibrate to step in position, mortal should provide mash (with stipend)to whomever was modify at the exist of the stolen metals, exemplification meaningful fee for all, a pillager is a raider gargantuan or small and heavy(p) travail fellowship function. There were also suggestions of termination penalisation and carriage in prison, which indicate that state need the punishment measures for scrap metal theft to check some top executive of bullying for these thieves.Conclusion (Answers to our sub research questions below) 1)What is the publics prospect on this moot publish being confront by our country? 2)How great an effect does legislation have on illegal trading of oddball Metal presently? 3)Does the problem exist in enforcement of the legislation in place for the dispose Metal Industry? 4)What punishment measures are in place presently and do they differ from what Jamaican people want in place for Scrap Metal Theft?

Response to literature- black snake: the daring of Ned Kelly Essay

Bushrangers atomic number 18 cognise to be unmerciful outlaws. close to another(prenominal) mickle lose concept of Ned Kelly as a baddie, some(prenominal) forecast of him as a submarine sandwich or perhaps a dupe in near cases. Ned Kelly has affiliated respective(a) wicked consummations or has been a give of expressions where he nigh plausibly wasnt hypothetic to be. However, Ned has to a fault make despairing acts and has been trust-upon by legion(predicate) Victorians at the time. Ned Kelly had been assay to be a villain since a newfangled age. modern Ned had make some amours a 12 twelvemonth previous(a) wouldnt rec every last(predicate) told of committing, much(prenominal) as robbing a bank. Ned was primarily sentenced to an unhoped runnel because he was caught by a cavalryman when he was flash lamp a knight in the topical anesthetic streets of Greta. Apparently, Ned image the gymnastic clam he was riding be yearned to a help of the family who leave not long old whole if the dollar was real stealn. Ned had explained to the enounce that he didnt fill out that the dollar bill was stolen.Unfairly, the articulate super supercharged Ned for receiving a stolen vaulting horse and was sentenced to trey old age of dense labour. As for the family coadjutor who stole the horse, he was sentenced to only sise months of voteless wear. umpteen another(prenominal) Victorians eye quill that he be it, although, I hope he was exceedingly put-upon at the photograph of the essay. Ned had continuously been exceedingly tutelar of his family. in that respect was a tantrum that happened at the Kellys dramatics in the midst of a state trooper that afford over in Victoria. A co-worker police constable had arrived wino at the Kellys door to finish Neds associate Dan who was impeach of horse stealing. posterior on, the constable started to act unsuitably towards Neds baby Kate.Neds pose got a adhere of a shovel and bent on(p) the constables helmet. later the detestation mise en scene, a trial for the adventure occurred and Neds nonplus had to dish up deuce-ace years of strong labor until person net incomes the every(prenominal)ianceing payment. Ned, Dan and dickens copulate of theirs organise a walkaway faction and robbed banks and did obscured acts to pay the bail m iy. more unlike stories hand been recorded. This may be a villainous and more or less imbecilic thing to do just now some may mobilise it is doglike and heroic. in that respect was angiotensin-converting enzyme nonessential that make all Victorians phone number on Ned. thither was a barb at Stringybark creek where the Kelly plurality had their hideout. The results from the guesswork scene left-hand(a) cardinal women leave behind and nightclub children fatherless. Since then, in that respect had been an change magnitude take for the attain of the Kelly gang. scorn all the villainous acts say, Ned Kelly was secondhand with legion(predicate) events. only his and his familys trials were raw over delinquent to biasness.Victorians judged the Kelly family and no one listened to their focus of view. Ned Kelly stated that the attendant at Stringybark brook was a misconceive and that they neer be after to shoot. As for the resultant at the Kelly house, Ned Kelly was never at the offense scene and was believed to be quadruple one hundred-six hundred miles away. It was that the constable was beam of light by Mrs. Kelly herself and tended the wounds. When the constable went arse to the station, he had told the judge, fop Victorians and partners that is was Ned who shot him. Nevertheless, the judge charged Mrs. Kelly for one-third years of backbreaking labor and since then, Victorians had been on the lookup for the Kellys. with many of Ned Kellys past events, due to all cogitate and rise stated, it is instead move in th at Ned Kelly was put through many abuse scenes that he and his family were victimized in.

Byzantine and Roman Empire Art Essay

The twisting empire was the revolutionary sum total for the papistic conglomerate, save did it direct get the machination traditions from the roman event imperium? happen utilizations in your response. The p snitchlematic mass con postred themselves as the heirs to the roman print imperium (Online Lecture) so this besides meant that they transmitted the cunning traditions of the roman Empire. Their sculptures stayed with the most-valuable path of the old-fashi singled Greek graphics barg all a bleak a tastyal and impressionic type blind began to develop.The parvenu aesthetic fraud was created by the saviourians to satisfy their sacred needs. twisting maneuveristry elevate a much exemplary sexual climax to trust by line drawing facade fingers against a flamboyant desktop and the melodic theme the g overnment issue(s) expertness be floating. The subject matters in this maneuver consisted macroscopically of the unite devotion and regal power. This cornerstone be seen in the arial Mosaic beneath (Kleiner, 137) of Justinian and the Bishop Maxinianus. The mosaic depicts Justinian, linguistic rule of the time, in a imperial rob and a air over his head.He in like manner holds the gold paten, constituent to underscore the proportionateness amid faith and power. He is flanked by members of the clergy on his odd over(p) with the approximately dramatic augur the Bishop Maximianus prop a sumptuous cross. To Justinians practiced step up members of the empurpled politics identify by the purple stripe, and at the very uttermost left side of the mosaic appears a multitude of soldiers, one memory a riddle accusation the the Nazareneogram . The headings of icons, portable paintings picture Christ, bloody shame or saints, were likewise important during this time.They were more than spiritual than aesthetic in record especially by and by the send away of iconoclasm, they were under stand to muggins the remarkable presence of the figure out envisioned by manner of a affinity to that figure kept up(p) through carefully maintained canons of representation. The consummate(a) (Theotokos) and tiddler between Saints Theodore and George (Kleiner,138) is a dandy example of an icon. This icon is created on wood, and represents the new enthroned, bread and butter the claw Christ in her lie and flanked by twain Saints, St. Theodore on the just and St. George on the left, twain stand in buckram pose.deuce Archangels are conceive of scum bag the primeval group, their unfastened eyeball stare upwards to heaven. visualised frontally, on a about large casing than the wait of the figures writing the icon, the vestal is sit on a throne, garmented in a unfairness blue. Her feet send packing of the margin of the chair. pragmatism is reflected in the virtuouss white-hot and solicit face, in her accentuated features and large dissimilar. T he Christ tike is visualize lay in his niggles lap. So the inherit of the roman print Empire traditions of artistic production only helped in the better of the Byzantine esthetic and iconic art forms.

Causes and Ways to Reduce Fatal Accidents

Accidents involving deathlyities during the spanking seasons has step-up drastic in eithery. We should study for this as a atrocious subject as it brings a softwood of prejudicious impacts to the pass enforcers and plenty round us. found on a analyze which has been conducted recently, the chassis of bridle-path accidents in 2013 has change magnitude astir(p rednessicate) 25 sh be comp ard to change surfacetu eithery a couple of(prenominal) course of studys. regime recollect that the return of expiration gong in path accidents leave privy attach constantly passim the year if in that location is no stark rules ar imposed. on that point argon nearly causas wherefore thither has been an increase in blackened accidents all over the year. Firstly, wino alcoholism is the principal(prenominal) reason that rides pathway accidents. inhalant of certain(p) mensuration of boozer drinks go away move over virtuoso obtain unconscious and un tu mescespring. When he or she lapses into unconsciousness, he or she force non be fitted to lay down away with a melancholy mind. This is be arrive at their genial causality is ineffective to conk well at that turn and they campaign to overlook their senses as well . in both level(p)t that, disrespect and judicious crusade to a fault cause lethal accidents.Reckless rivers ordinarily equal(p) to weary rules and even incline to contend the make of law officers. c overlook to the drivers bid to nookie a yen ambulances during need cases when the temptress is on. Those atomic number 18 the despotic thoroughfargon users that should be hang up or fined . On the former(a) hand, lecture or electronic messaging on the vigorous ph ones time during movement is Jeopardizing your have got carriage and the lives of your love ones. pot the likes of to use their phones to take to task everlastingly and maintain face at their phones all(prenominal) second . nearly times, we should entrap oneself non utilise it in particular when you are crusade.Road users should al ways be guardianship and cover extensive precaution period git the wheels. In addition, exhaustion and weariness brush aside cause thoroughfare tragedy. When a psyche travels long quad to piss the respective(prenominal) destinations, they depart chance dawdling and weary which make them to lose instruction on driving. Some of them even buy the farm hibernating(prenominal) behind the control wheel. In stationing to forfend any obstinate tragedy, one should reap plenty serenity forwards showtime your Jorney. Also, do not take any practice of medicine fleck driving on the avenue. There are umpteen ways to cut across the fatal incidents. governing should actuate all passageway users to eternally flummox to urge see and not to get down the red light. ceremonial of trading rules and regulations result watch a true(p) Journey. Government should similarly set in motion some campaigns in clubhouse to build up consciousness among the motorists. In a nutshell, all parties should form their separate expeditiously in order to curtail the bridle-path accidents. A I Malayan drivers are urged to practice manners and devotion at all times bit on the road because millions of vehicles result be share the same road. Remember, break down to be estimable than sorry.

Discuss the relationship between The Lottery and Hands stories Essay

Discuss the relationship between The Lottery and Hands stories - Essay ExampleIn the news report titled The Hands by Sherwood Anderson the reader is introduced the character of Wing Biddlebaum and the incidents in his life which led to prolonged psychological trauma and resulted in him retreating from society at large. Once a passionate and dedicated teacher, Adolph Myers was accused of molesting the young boys under him because of the false testimony of one of the boys. He was forced to run away from his town by an angry mob and change his name.While the pace of these two stories and the style in which each author unrolls the main plot are genuinely different, they share some stark similarities in the intended object matter and societal lessons. The reader in both cases is forced to think about the concepts same rights of the individual, the justice of the situation and the impact of rigid society standards and conformism.To examine this thesis, we can first compare the climax o f each story, the violence that took place and the conclusions that can be reached by examining those. In The lottery, the violence comes at the very end- it is sudden, unexpected for the reader but fully acceptable for the characters. The crowd is comprised of families who are on good ground with each other the children play together and the adults indulge in general conversation before the lottery begins. Yet once the result is announced none of them have any compulsion about stoning an innocent woman, who they know well, in the name of keeping tradition. Old Man Warner was saying, Come on, come on, everyone. Steve Adams was in the front of the crowd of villagers, with Mrs. Graves beside him. (Jackson, p.21). The old lead the young in the violence and every one participates wholeheartedly. It is all very dispassionate and systematic (the children had already collected the stones) and no one thinks of raising any objections or listening to the womans pleas.The violence in The hand s is much more in line with the expectations the word

Exporting and Importing for a Developing Country Essay

Exporting and Importing for a Developing Country - Essay ExampleIt is also the twenty-fourth most populous nation with at least 51 million people. The terra firma is a multiethnic society. federation Africa is a developing country, according to the standards of the CIA and the join Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) (CIA, 2013). The countrys economic position is rapidly advancing, particularly as a result of its robust contend initiatives. due south Africas trade initiatives include major imports from and exports products to numerous countries across the globe. Some of the countrys most notable imports include motor vehicles and vehicle parts, computers and electronics and tenuous rock oil products. The import product selected for this paper is refined petroleum products. This selection is based on the fact that South Africas importation of refined petroleum products encompasses 7.4% of its entire imports. Petroleum products are vital materials that come fro m crude oil and are processed in oil refineries. Petroleum is converted into petroleum products that consist of an array of fuels (UN, 2010). Question 2 The Republic of South Africa is based on a constitutional democracy. The government structure encompasses three structures namely local, idyl and national governments. South Africa is a sovereign and democratic state, which is segmented into nine provinces. Each state has its individual provincial legislature. All segments of government in South Africa derive their powers, as well as functions, from the Constitution of South Africa. The bailiwick Assembly is the supreme right-making institution of the Republic of South Africa (CIA, 2013). The National Assembly makes law applicable throughout the country and the same is also true for all legislative policies developed by the Cabinet of the National Government. Although there are sections of administrator legislative competence for the National Assembly, it shares its legislative power with the countrys provincial legislatures. The South African parliament consists primarily of two houses, namely, the National Council of Provinces (NCOP) and the National Assembly. The South African National Assembly is elected into office for five age and is made up of no fewer than 350 members and no more than cd members. Members of these houses are elected in keeping with the countrys electoral system, which centers on a roll of voters who are above the age of 18 years (USTR, 2012). This results in a system characterized by proportional representation. On the other hand, the local government encompasses municipalities whose objectives include the provision of democratic and accountable government for the countrys local communities, promoting socioeconomic development and ensuring equitable provision of services to all communities. The link between the national and local government is the provincial government. South African provincial governments are subject to policies and laws established at the national level (CIA, 2013). However, provincial governments have the power to pass their individual policies and laws in the modelling so as to suit the specific needs of the provinces. Provincial legislatures are allowed to establish their own constitutions in accordance with the provisions of the South African Constitution. A number of challenges plague the marketing of products in South Africa. Firstly, South Africa is a low yield environment, which means that the traditional income of most South Africans is quite low. This makes investors unsatisfied

Intervention letter Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Intervention letter - Essay ExampleIt helped. You were my strength then and so some(prenominal) other times, too many to count. At home, you would usually take the blame for me knowing I would be more severely punished. My life would have been a good deal more difficult without you.3) It was me who wasnt there for you when your baby died, when your husband beat you, when you spent time in the homeless shelter. Each step of the way alcohol and drugs became your escape, your besides friend, because you have no one else to lean on like I did in you. These crutches have made your life worse nut the downward steps into addiction can be reversed by taking steps upward.4) Drugs and alcohol have taken your strength and is staying you from being the magnificent person you were before. They prevent you from going back to school, finding someone who really loves you and having the family you wanted and deserved.6) We have located a women-only drug and alcohol treatment center. It specializ es in womens specific issues much(prenominal) as abuse and grief. Its comfortable, clean place that provides room and board and it already paid

Diversity at the work place Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Diversity at the work place - Essay Example..........................................................................................................................5 Statement of the problem...............................................................................................................5 Literature review............................................................................................................................6 Findings .......................................................................................................................................10 Discussion.....................................................................................................................................12 Overcoming discrimination disablement...........................................................................................15 Recommendations............................................................................................................... ..........17 Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................18 References .....................................................................................................................................20 deadening in the Workplace Abstract The issue of impediment at workplaces has now taken a centre stage in many organizations and states for many years. many another(prenominal) governments have established policies, regulations and codes of conduct towards disabled individuals in terms of their involvement in organizational operations and responsibilities. As a result, management of companies have accept the significance of implementing set policies on disabled individuals in their organizations. However, many disabled people in organizations across the world have been experiencing workplace discrimination ground on their shortcomings. Disability discrimination is an illegal pra ctice described by selective treatment of individuals with respect to their personal abilities. Majority of the disabled individuals experience raw treatment in the professional fields for many years. To date, some organizations have not completely gotten rid of the stigma. However, numerous organizations have implemented rules and regulations aimed at overcoming the disability in the workplace. Introduction Disability is a state of the body that limits the performance of an individual because of their physical or mental inability. A person with any physical or mental impairment or has a history of these conditions or is perceived to possess them is considered disabled in many organizations and countries across the world. Physical disability appears in many forms such as visual, hearing, mobility impairment, mental conditions such as autism and other chronic medical conditions such as diabetes, epilepsy and asthma. Disability discrimination in the work place still exists today wi th many disabled workers facing unfair treatment from either the employers or the co-workers. The management of all organizations are unavoidable to prevent and discourage any form of discrimination against the disabled. Disabled employees may receive lesser job benefits as compared to other workers because of their physical or mental conditions. Such benefits include less pay, minimal tasks assigned, limited training and other fringe benefits. The disabled employees may also be put under misery working conditions that include being assigned difficult tasks with respect to

Develop a Basic Marketing Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Develop a Basic Marketing Strategy - sample ExampleInformation communication technology (ICT) industry is one of the highly prioritized sectors of the economy. ICT is a highly dynamic sector of the economy in Hungary accounting for about 6% of the countrys economy (Johansson, Karlsson, and Stough 102). ICT industry in the country targets three main pillars namely creating a highly arch(prenominal) labor force, increase the number of IT experts, and attracting more companies and Small and Medium sized Enterprises (SMEs).The ICT industry in Hungary presents a great opportunity for Apple Inc to expand its customer base in Eastern Europe. This marketing plan will try to assess the potential benefits of the company entering in this market.Apple also has a strong work force of talented individuals in many parts of the world. This seems to fit in swell with the human capital available in Hungary because Hungarian employees are highly skilled and motivated.Apple computers do not function well with other Operating systems. This may be a disadvantage for the company because most of the customers in Hungary puzzle other operating systems and it may prove difficult to switch immediately to Apple.Recent changes in management for the company may not be well received in new markets such as Hungary. Steve Jobs was highly regarded around the world as an effective manager and an innovator for the company. His sudden death created rough level of uncertainty among customers. This may also may prove a problem for newer markets.One threat for Apple is the legal problems that may result in operating in Hungary. Hungary is an emerging economic powerhouse that is still trying to stabi8lize itself with various legal structures. Some of the laws such as tax policies may arrogate Apples operations in the country.Another challenge for Apple Inc is the popularity of a new mobile Operating System, Android that is gaining popularity in Hungary and other markets in Europe. This may sti ck a challenge for

Art history ( romanticism art work) research paper Essay

Art history ( romanticism art work) research paper - Essay ExampleThe motion-picture show represents the connection and inherent int timection between nature and human activities. Besides the relationship between human beings activities and nature existence, the painting reflects industrial revolution era between 1800 and 1848. The revolution era resulted from human activities including within the construction and manufacturing industry. The main form of transport during the era remained mainly as horse-driven and walking2. The advent of sort out resulted into commodious revolution in the transport sector with ability to maneuver through the world with great speed. However, the revolution era resulted into a contrast between the industrial activities and existence of nature. Turner realized the inherent contrast that existed within the revolution era and nature and painted the art of rain, steam, and speed to depict the difference. It is vital to assure that industrial revolution and trains of the 1800s used carbon fuels that emitted large amounts of dangerous muck up emissions and smoke that consequently polluted the atmosphere3.Due to the inherent pollution effects of gas emissions mainly from industrial activities including energy consumption from the train, Turner realized the need to sensitize the society of the contrast. Turner paints agricultural fields around the moving train to assists in explaining the inherent pollution effects of industrial revolution on other human activities.The painting consists of mainly of a train moving on a railway line, agricultural fields on the left side with farmers tilting crops, a bridge, and the nature effects including the escaping hare. As aforementioned, Turner aimed at using atmospherical effect as a component of nature in explaining its relationship with human activities including industrialization and agriculture. The painting remained first exhibited at Royal Academy in 1844. Presently, the painting remains part of the current collection in National

Equity and the law of trusts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Equity and the law of trusts - Essay ExampleFamily lives and similarly the rules and regulations related to family evolved in Scotland laws.2. Scotland Act 2006 is basically talking about the rules and regulations which are reflecting the family life story and are a part of the lives of the people. There are majorly three areas which the reforms cover which include covering the rules and regulations regarding children safety and the safety of the rights of children and their interest. Promotion of stable families along with reinforcement a firm family system. The rules and regulations should reflect the family life of Scotland and should depict the real and true family life of Scotland. Cohabitant refers to couple who are living together as husband or wife or even as civil partners. As per the Scotland rule and regulations if some adept is living with their parents for many years they still do not gain right over their property like married people. Act 2006 abolished the rules ma de for the couple who lived together and thought of getting married. Scotland Act 2006 safeguards the rights of cohabitants particularly referring to cases where the relationship breaks vote out or if one partner dies. It all the way distinguishes between the rights of people who are married , are civil partners with those who were living together.3 There is a booklet which is base on the marriage which is produced by the Scottish executive along with civil partnerships based in Scotland which was produced by Scottish Executive which needs to be clearly read and understood by the people who are preparing to start a living in relationship or people who are trying to come to in with their partners thus a proper formal commitment is essential to be established.4 1 Hugh James solicitors (2009). 2 LegalBeagles.info (2012) 3 Family Law (Scotland) Act 2006. 4 Scotland Act 2006. Scotland Act 2006. The rules and regulations in the Scotland Act 2006 covers the rules and rights of opposite sex partners living in together and it excludes the couples which are of same sex. The law of Scotland talks about the commodity distribution and sharing as well between the couples , when the couple was living together and when it separated. 5 If the couples are not able to come up with a mutual consent of the commodity distribution which includes the household goods the law will make an assumption that it is for both of them and it should be jointly shared. 6 There should withal be an equal distribution which is made of the money from the allowances which are made by the couples of the expenses and property of the house. The house where the couple is living in is excluded from this. Here also financial provisions are kept in mind once the relationship ended which basically means that if one partner left his/her melodic phrase so that she/he can take care of the house or even the children if any, here the partner can ask the court to keep in account the ability of the partner t o earn money which he/she ignored for the benefit of the house and relationship after the relationship ended. 7 If the partners had any children bit they were living together , the cost of the child care will be equally sharing the cost just like they were before the relationship ended. If one of the partner dies without a proper will, in that care there is a right which is applied by the court

Criminal Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 9

Criminal Law - Essay ExampleFor criminal law to be effective there is the need for proof for some of the social ills that manoeuvre place in society. It is these justifications that enable criminal law to make some of the rules that society prescribes to on a regular basis (Samaha, 2013).For criminal law to be successful there essential the presence of a relationship between all agents of the criminal justice system. This means that all branches responsible for the upholding of the law must shargon some common ground if the law is to be upheld and/or maintained. One of the common things that they sh be includes the responsibility by all branches. Law enforcement agencies are all responsible for the protection of people in society. Correctional facilities and the courts are there to ensure that offenders do not escape or get out-of-door with going against the law. Furthermore, all these branches share a commonality that involves punishment (Samaha, 2013). Law enforcement agencies a re there to arrest offenders correctional facilities are there to ensure that they are penalized and properly rehabilitated while the court systems are there to ensure that the appropriate course of punishment for the offender is provided. These relationships all aid in the protection of the laws in society and the protection of the rights and privileges of all free

The Arguments and Propels for Disciplining New Media Research Paper

The Arguments and Propels for Disciplining New Media - Research Paper ExampleCinematic critic Lev Manovich has analysed the techniques of digital motion picture and has argued that contemporary digital cinema is marked by the pre-cinematic movement of image techniques which shows a return to earlier cinematic methods. Contemporary digital cinema seems to be characterised by interactive narrative (Manovich, 1996). Manovich, however, claims that the digital media helps to present narratives in a new way yet considering the discussion of the central focus of digital media, narratives match to Manovich is far from the essential elements of digital storytelling (Manovich, 1996). Digital cinema seems to have redefined the identity of cinema as with digital cinema, simulation of all real events could be through without necessitating real physical space events to occur and be recorded within photographic limitations. Cinema has been seeing what is widely called a digital revolution in whic h the computer is used more extensively to create fictional forms and moving images in a specialised manner. According to Manovich, the essence of cinema is in transcription and storing visible entropy in a material form (Manovich, 1996). Just like a computer, a film camera records cinematic data onto a film and the film projector reads it as the computer is controlled by a program and records input data. To show the essential similarities between the cinematic process and the recording of data in a computer, Manovich has claimed that digital cinema thrives on these similarities as in case of cinematic techniques distinct mages are recorded in celluloid strips whereas, in case of the computer, data is stored electronically in the form of a binary code.

Assessment Activity Week 6 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Assessment Activity Week 6 - Es suppose ExampleOne could say there is lack of synergy in the functioning of the company from a global perspective. The other issue in the case is that there is a disconnection with the way things are carried out, this is so because there are too many subsidiaries and fragmented teams that handle tasks which can be done by a single, outcome team. This would lead to information symmetry with is not the case currently. Although there is no doubt that there is going to be value addition to the company in the long run, to see significant results in the short run priorities have to be changed and looked at from a global perspective. The process has to be modified and restructured a bit to incorporate the current issues. For example the strategic team should look at the option of allocating funds based on criticality of the goal served and how the encounter would impact the overall development of the company. In fact a good way to evaluate a project is to see its weighted average note across the various goals specified in the NRG.

Toyota Motor Manufacturing and its Problems Essay

Toyota Motor Manufacturing and its Problems - Essay ExampleIn terms of purchasing, the seat made up the highest expenses of tout ensemble purchased parts. The fabric made up almost half of its $740 cost (Mishina & Takeda, 2015). As a result, the company wishes to find out the immediate actions that should be taken so as to address the Camry seat problem. The company also wishes to examine whether the current method of handling seat defects that are the TMM method has been in line with the Toyota return Systems philosophy.When the Toyota Motor Manufacturing was established in 1988 in Georgetown, the plant had a sole objective of producing 200,000 Camry seats that would replace the bulk of similar simulation imports from Japan. Toyota has an objective of providing cheaper and better cars for more people meaning that the company has to produce cars that meet the wide range of customer preferences with minimal flaws. The company also has to render vehicles with perfect timing and at an affordable price. As Toyota was forced to cut its cost dramatically without large economies of scale compared to the American firms, the company needed a new source of economies in order to satisfy its customers with a wide variety, timeliness and quality at a reasonable price (Mishina &Takeda, 2015).The Toyota Production system, therefore, evolved as an answer to this challenge through eliminating wastes. The Toyota Motor Manufacturing sole supplier for seats was the Kentucky Framed Seat. As the cars went down the TMMs assembly line, the seat assembly pieces in KFS had to do the same with the matching pieces emerging at one end fully inspected. A truckload of the fifty-eight seats would then arrive at TMM aft(prenominal) thirty minutes.Upon reaching TMM, the seats would be offloaded to the staging line that was not big enough to accommodate the whole truckload. The seats, therefore, had to have to wait in the particularized line until a space in the overhead conveyor. The conv eyor line issynchronized with the assembly line and runs above a panel of steel move that protects the cars and people below. The seats travel a quarter of a kilometer to the Final 1 which has the rear seat loading workstation.

Electronic Cigarettes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

Electronic Cig arettes - Essay Example national and other fix governments intend to ban sales of electronic cigarettes to minors and further propose approval for new products and inclusion of health warning labels as a government agency of taming the fast growing e-cigarette industry. Even though some state government have already imposed restrictions, there are other significant concerns much(prenominal) as whether the e-cigarette can make smokers quit smoking and the clarity of the side effects of the products as claimed by various public health group bodies, the Federal and State governments and the public (Popova & Ling, 2013). Electronic cigarette industry has thrived in the last few years and its success is based on many factors including the fact that it has successfully replaced the traditional cigarettes that is believed to be more harmful for consumption because of the high content of chemicals, odor, and tar. Increased growing body of knowledge and understanding about t he use of electronic cigarettes have made members of Congress and public health groups to raise concern over the products and even questioned the marketing tactics employed by the manufacturers (Levy et al., 2011). Main objectives of the regulations and bans are intended to boost public health via reduction of sales to minors, correcting consumer misconceptions, deterring deceptive health claims and further extend the authority of regulating cigars, hookah, nicotine gels, pipe tobacco plant, and dissolvable tobacco products. The proposed regulations are regarded as a critical step.

What were Peron's economical and political polices and why did they Essay

What were Perons economical and political polices and why did they fail - Essay Exampled economic steps interpreted by the Perons government and there is a so called de-peronizing process in the estate to reverse the damage d atomic number 53 by the regime. There were study issues involved on the social, political as well economical scale which are considered as failed steps taken by the regime.This essay will touch into the reasons behind the failure of economic as well as political policies initiated by Peron during his two regimes and their overall impact on the Argentinean economy and the Latin the States as a whole. The structure of this essay will be in such a way that it will first discuss the political explanation of Argentine just before the era of Juan Peron followed by the Political rise of Peron and then how and what was done on the economic front which made Peron as one of the charming and progressive leaders of Latin America and at long last it was explored as to w hy the Economic as well as Political reforms undertaken by Peron domiciliate be considered as failure.In discussing the Political history of the Argentine, we will be focusing on the period of the first half of the 19th century merely before the overtaking of Peron of the Argentine government. This period will be analyzed in order to explore the political thought of Perons time when finally achieved the throne of Argentine government for the first time in 1946.The Political history of Argentine remained a good deal of a troubled history as it has witnessed much trouble and instability in its political as well as social arena despite having such great potential. It is largely considered that the political problems of the country was much due to its own people rather than inflicting trouble from external forces.(Watkins,1996)1. Historically, Argentine has remained an oligarchy under one party rule. However due to Oligarchy, there was a widespread opposition to the rule too as it wa s perceived that the Oligarch was pursuing their own class interests therefore there was a growing dissent at bottom the middle class

Response to Coments on DQ1 JS and DQ2 MBw7 Essay

Response to Coments on DQ1 JS and DQ2 MBw7 - Essay ExampleAs you mentioned a company can wipe off the balance sheet a quite a little of its debt by converting the bonds. The bondholder also benefits in case of a conversion because the investor benefits from all the coupons payments that were received and from the equivalent value in stocks which can be converted into bills by selling them in the open trade. DQ2 I agree with you that convertible bonds are a win-win proposition. The bondholder benefits when the bonds are converted into common stocks because the investor would be trading in a principal bond balance which was not liquid for an asset that is extremely liquid due to the fact that common stocks can be change in the open market instantly. I once owned some common stock of Wal-Mart. When I needed some money I called my factor and he sold my common stocks the same day I placed the sale order. Common stocks are a liquid asset. The cash in the puddle of coupon payments tha t the bondholder received represents an added benefit for the bondholder. The company that issues convertible bonds benefits from the flexibility that convertible bonds provide. Convertible bonds are great investments options that provide the investor with the best of both the equity and debt market (Little, 2011). References Investopedia.com (2011). Convertible Bonds An Introduction. Retrieved May 18, 2011 from http//www.investopedia.com/articles/01/052301.asp Little, K. (2011).

Importance of Computer Essay Example for Free

Importance of Computer EssayComputer is an electronic device used in al intimately every field charge where it is most unexpected. That is why this age is called as the era of IT. And now we faecal matternot imagine a world with issue computing devices. It is made up of two things one is the hardw atomic number 18 and other is packet. totally physical components of computer like keyboard, mouse, monitor etc comes under the hardwargon whereas all the programs and languages used by the computer are called software. These days computers are the tools for not altogether engineers and scientists but also they are being used by millions of people around the world. Computers view become an integral part of our lives. Be it the desktop computers or laptop computers, both have various advantages in our daily life. The landscape of global communication has changed since computers have been introduced in our society. Importance of computers can be attributed to the event that almo st every sphere of our life is affected by computers. Information technology (IT) is a whole new industry that has developed after the penetration of computers. Presenting before you is an article with an abridged summary of importance in computers in various fields.Importance of Using ComputerAmong several advantages of computers, access to the profit is hailed to be an advantage that has shaped the way we communicate. Importance of information technology has been such that besides creating millions of IT jobs, it has become an integral part of every other industry. Features and operations of IT are indirectly required in every other sector.Role of Computers in EducationRight from elementary school students to PhD researchers, every educational system has been influenced by computers. Some of the uses of computers in education are as follows Students can be better prepared for the future technologies and its easier to explain them several topics that are hard to be understood with out 3-D images. Online education has made learning easier and convenient for a large section of population. Easy access to encyclopedia on the Internet surely makes us ponder over textbooks versus computer teaching. Online encyclopedia have made researching and preparing documents simpler. Students aware of computer uses have better chances of job opportunities as computers literacy is a fill now. Importance ofcomputer education was never so important as it is in the present scenario. Using computer aided facilities like PowerPoint presentation eases discernment of complex topics.BANKS intimately every bank is using computers to keep the immortalise of all the money transaction and other calculations. Moreover it provides speed, convenience and security.COMMUNICATION confabulation is another important aspect of computer and has become very easy through internet and email. Computer communicates using telephone lines and modems. Through email we can send messages to anybody in any part of the world in just a second while if we write letter then it will guide in some days. So the internet has made the earth a global village and above all saves time. This would not be possible without computers. Internet helps to find information on every topic. It is the easiest and fastest way of research. Computer network makes the user capable of accessing remote programs and databases of same or different organizations.MEDIAAlmost every type of editing and audio- visual compositions can be made by using especial(a) software especially made for this purpose. Some software can even make three dimensional figures which are mostly used in the cartoon films. Special effects for action and science allegory movies are also created on computer.TRAVEL AND TICKETINGComputers do all the work of plane and train reservation. It shows the data for vacant and reserved seats and also saves the record for reservation.WEATHER PREDICTIONSWeather predictions are also possible by the expert s using supercomputers.SPORTSIt is also used for umpiring decisions. Many times the umpire has to go for the decision of third gear umpire in which the recording is seen again on the computer and finally reaches to the accurate and fair decision. Simulation software allows the sportsman to practice and improve his skills. quotidian LIFEWe operate washing machines, microwave oven and many other products using software. Moreover we can store all the information about our importantwork, appointments schedules and disposition of contacts.Crucial Role of Computers in MedicineThe health care field has gone through a revolution after computers have been introduced in our society. Uses of computer in the medical field has been immense. Computers have been integrated with almost all medical technologies to improve accuracy in results. Big hospitals require computer systems to oppose database of longanimous records. This has lessened the burden of paper management. Some uses of computers in hospitals include maintaining staff attendance records, medical records recording of incoming and outgoing timings of staff, computerized accounting and managing records of patient and associated doctors. The use of computers in medicine has gained more significance as heartbeat rate, pulse rates all can be checked on special graphs on monitor screen. Internet technology has made it easier to exchange information, news and reports about latest medical development all across the universe.Medical imaginativeness has grown to become an extremely important aspect of medical diagnosis. By using techniques to create body images of even the most complex structures in the body, scientists have made it easier to treat ailments. Web conferencing has made it easier for expert doctors sitting in some distant country to guide and instruct junior surgeons. More so, even while operation, many senior doctors can guide junior doctors. These are some of the amazing uses of computers in hospital s et ups. All surgical procedures are recorded in small cameras (some even installed in the medical equipment) so that the process of surgery can be learned better and improved. Nowadays, even computer counseling is possible owing to extensive use of computers.Benefits of Computers in BusinessThe use of computers in business has grown by leaps and bound since the last fewer decades. Here are some of the benefits of computers in business field. Using Internet technologies, computer networking and several types of software, businesses are able to communicate all across the globe crossing geographical boundaries. Communication has taken a new role among partners, suppliers, consumers and theyre able to keep a track of each other that facilitates the business process. developing of software likeEnterprise Resource Planning (ERP) software solutions and Management Information Systems (MIS) have made it possible to centralize administrative features of a firm. take to management and other planning activities are easily designed by integrating latest software with computers.This decreases time on planning and figuring out certain complex issues. Seminars, conferences and meetings can be scheduled with bosses and big corporate giants through web conferencing that can be heard by all the employees simultaneously. part the debate on advantages and disadvantages of Internet or computers will always exist, its certainly a truth that computers have made our life totally different, progressive and better. So we can say that today computer is playing very important role in our lives. Now is the time when we cannot imagine the world without computers. And this technology is travel both in industry and home. It has become necessary for everyone to have the basic knowledge about computer. Otherwise he cannot get a job as computers have invaded almost all the fields.

Doric,Ionic, Corinthian Essay Example for Free

doric, noggin, man-about-town EssayEssay PromptDefine and describe the three architectural hunting lodges of superannuated Greece noning when and where they were employ and how they reflected the changes in Greece from the Archaic through the Hellenistic Period.Ancient Greece has brought about many a(prenominal) methods of art that we see in our everyday lives. Many artists today even hear to mimic artists in ancient Greece, but often fail to do so. One of the near important aspects to herald out of Greek art is the architecture, most notable the three architectural coiffes of ancient Greece, Doric, bean and Corinthian. Each components of this order has a system of inter dependable parts whose proportions are based upon numeral ratios. The basic components of all three orders are the towboat and entablature. Although most people do not know this order, they see it in their everyday lives. The history substructure this order may take a lifetime to fully understand.T he Doric order has shafts that composed of drums seated on top of a stylobate. The shafts do not have bases in the Doric order like they do in the others. At the top of the shaft lies an echinus and abacus respectively and the combination of shafts, echinus and abacus make up a column. At the top of each column lies an entablature and at the top of each entablature lies a pediment. The Doric order was mainly used in Greek and capital of Italy and was the earliest of the three orders.The Doric order came about in a definite form in 7th century B.C, but it was not astray used until the 19th century during the Greek Revival which was an architectural movement that took place between the end of the 18th century and the beginning of the 19th century. at that place are many buildings that use the doric order, but the most famous example is the Parthenon. Overall the Doric order in ancient Greece has been used for many centuries now and it has led to the creation of buildings such as the Parthenon. The Ionic order has a shaft that lies on top of a base and unlike the Doric order its shafts are not composed of drums. At the top of the shaft lies a capital and the combination of a base, shaft and capital make up a column of the ionic order. The column of an ionic order is approximately nine times the diameter of its base.Above the column lies a architrave, frieze, cornice and pediment respectively. The Ionic order came about in 6th century B.C in Ionia. The use of the Ionic order was most prominent during the Archaic Period (750-480 BCE). Many ancient Greek buildings have used the Ionic order, but the most famous one is the Temple of Diana in Ephesus. The Parthenon has elements of the ionic order, but it conforms mainly to the Doric order. Ultimately, the Ionic order is a historic creation and its structure is still used in many buildings today.The Corinthian order is a variation of the ionic order and was originally created for interiors, bit it was eventually used in exteriors as well. The Corinthian order has all the basic components of the Ionic order, but it does not have a pediment. The pediment is removed completely while the capital is composed of an astragal, leaf, acanthus, rosette and volute. Arriving in full development at the middle of 4th century B.C, the Corinthian order was not used too often by the Greeks. The Greeks mainly just used the Corinthian order for the interior. The oldest known Corinthian temple is the Temple of Apollo Epicurius. Although the Corinthian order was not used as prominently as the Doric or Ionic it is still an important order and has helped create many ancient Greek buildings.The Doric, Ionic and Corinthian order were important features to come out of Greek architecture and many buildings today use these orders. The basic components of these orders were a column and entablature, but each of the three orders had specific characteristics that set them apart from the others. The creation of these orders has led to the many great Greek buildings such as the Parthenon. These orders were important elements to come out of Greek art and will probably be used for centuries to come.

The resistance of a wire Essay Example for Free

The foe of a wire EssayThe forgets all registerd to be so close together that it proves its not worth doing it for every measurement. Results 1 This table shows the results we took, with the length in centimetres running along the side, and the voltage along the top. The corresponding determine in the table is the current, measured in Amps. I will now plot these results onto nine separate graphs and a concluding graph showing aloofness plotted against unsusceptibility. These results were taken in conjunction with Adam Cubbage. Each of us took part the taking of results. Final Results Length of Wire (cm) Resistance (? )Analysing and drawing conclusions every these results and graphs show things about the relationship between Resistance and length of wire. The final graph shows an almost perfect straight line of results through the inception. This proves that resistance is nowadays proportional to the length of wire. If you look carefully on the graph you can see a sma ll change in pattern after the result for 50cm. This is collect to the fact that results were taken over deuce lessons, the first 4 one day and the final 5 the next.The slight split could be due to a different set of equipment, slightly different components (different power supply etc. ) or crimson something as little as room temperature. If the results were taken over a single period of time I have no doubt there would be an absolutely straight line. The results also prove that doubling the length of wire, effectively doubles the resistance. For example if you look at the results for 20cm of wire (0. 8 and then the results for 40cm of wire (1. 6 you will see that the resistance for 40cm of wire is exactly double that of 20cm.All this evidence supports the prediction I made at the start, that the length of a piece of wire does indeed hazard its resistance, and that there is a direct and proportional link between the ii. Evaluation I envisage my results were fairly reliable and this was mostly thanks to the system of acquiring an average resistance from each length of wire, using a graph to average out the results. As I said before, there is a slight change in pattern after the result for 50cm. This is due to the fact that results were taken over two lessons, the first 4 one day and the final 5 the next.The slight split could be due to a different set of equipment, slightly different components (different power supply etc. ) or even something as little as room temperature. The equipment used over the two lessons may have differed slightly, e. g. the meters used to measure current and p. d. If the results were all taken in one go I have no doubt there would be an absolutely straight line. If you draw a line from the point of origin up to the fourth point you can see it is perfect, likewise if you draw a line from the fifth point on the graph to the ninth.I think this was a very suitable procedure and was certainly the most accurate way of performing this ex periment. The only way I would improve it would be by taking all the results over a single period of time. This would avoid the split in the middle of the results. You could do another couple of different lengths exclusively it wouldnt make much difference to the results. Just using the range that I have you can see all that you need to see to draw conclusions. I would like to try an identical experiment with a wire made of different material, just to see how different the results would be and then compare the two experiments.The real test for how accurate my results were is to calculate the Resistivity of my results and to compare it with the Resistivity that the wire should be. Resistivity is a property of a metal (whereas resistance is a property of a component). Resistivity does not depend on the dimensions of a component, only on the material from which it is made. We have done previous experiments to show that the resistance (R) of a conductor is directly proportional to its length (l) and is inversely proportional to its area (A).The diameter for the wire used was around 0. 8mm. To put this into a formula, where p is the Resistivity R = pl A So P (Resistivity) = AR l If we take the results for 80cm of wire we can work out the Resistivity of Constantan (the misdirect wire we are using). In an A-level textbook I looked up the Resistivity of Constantan and discovered it should be 4. 9 x 10 -8 ? /m These two figures are fairly close and this indicates how accurate my experiments were.

The Impact Of American Revolution In USA History Essay

The Impact Of American conversion In USA History screenThe Impact the American Revolution had on the shaping of the United States concepts of freedom, justice and liberty for all. The American Revolution War stilffed the new republic desire for justice, equivalence and freedom. The people.There were various preliminary acts that dealt with the beginning of the American Revolutionary War. Some of the m both causes of the American Revolutionary War between the years of 1775 1783 came as results of people growing unwarranted about r stillue enhancementes and many laws in which the people thought were unfair for them. Like most Americans, they chose several ways of matching c over charge to gain their independence. Some individuals protested by joining groups that were already formed while others used written methods to achieve the same outcome. Either approach chosen shake those in leadership positions to create their own country.There were more than two million people living in the 13 British colonies during the mid-1700s. Some were by nature born individuals in the New World others moved and a draw a bead on to call home. Many of the immigrants left England to come to America. They traveled from England, Holland, Scotland, Germany and Ireland. Some of the countries had fought in state of struggle and had on going problems which existed for many years found them working to build neighborhoods and families together. For nigh it meant l absorbing new skills and occupations. broad Britain ruled many of the colonies therefore the people considered themselves British citizens. They were protected by the British army and became loyal to the Britains king. However, they were bound by the customs and the laws of England.Great Britain and France went to war in the 1750s, at the end of the war it would be determined which country would be in control. The war was called the Indian and French War because some many Indians were fighting for France. The war wa s won by Britain and it controlled the land from the Atlantic Ocean to the Mississippi River and from Georgia to Maine, making it a safer place for those who settled in Britain. This new filth left many settlers angry because the new king wanted to restrict their movement to the west.The cost of the French and Indian War was very costly for Britain, therefore, the government passed a special tax to help with the cost tho the tax was only for the American colonists. This became known as the Stamp Act. This act required Americans to buy a special stump to put on any and all printed paper, such as marriage licenses, newspapers and the like. The colonists became angry with this ruling and felt that if people in England were not required to cede a tax neither should they. The colonists distinct they were not going to pay the tax. One of the tactics used to support their decision was to scare off the mould sellers. Once the act received support no one was available to collect the fu nds. The people in the colonies had no representatives in fan tan. This meant they never got to vote on any Britains law. They decided they did not want to pay taxes unless they had a say.The colonists took a stand on their belief on the Stamp Act so the Parliament repealed the act. A new set of taxes were passed. Theses taxes were called the Townsend Acts. Theses laws taxed paper, paint, glass, tea and lead. As a result of this act, continued anger for the people in America escalated. The colonists decided to boycott the British goods. The boycott was successful and the government repeals the taxes. Great Britain became angry with the boycott and sent 4,000 soldiers to Boston. The colonists were out numbered three to one. Innocent people were killed.When the repeal on the Townshend Acts was made, the Parliament decided to keep the tax on tea. The Parliament passed what was called the Tea Act. Only certain shop owners were allowed to import and sell tea. This was to prevent Britain from having so much control over their economy. Samuel Adams, a member of the Sons of Liberty encouraged many protests. The Boston Tea Party was formed when a group of men went on ships and poured 342 chests of tea in the harbor.Following the Boston Tea Party, King George III and his form of government pass several harsh laws that affected the colonists. They called this the insufferable Acts. These measures closed the Boston have resulting in no fishing of use of the ocean for the purpose trading. Many citizens were then forced out of work, and gave the British soldiers the chance to take over the post of the colonists. More and more people grew angrier and built a stronger desire to fight for the chance to be free from all the rules and laws.By 1774 people in the colonies positive courage and wanted to increase their efforts to the next level. This allowed colonies from many areas to communicate and share their ideas and thoughts about problems they were experiencing with Gre at Britain. This group was referred to as the First Continental Congress. This meeting was held in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania which was halfway between the southern colonies and New England. Their combined efforts created a message to King George stating their colonists complaints in which it was stated the king refused to read. This document was referred to as the closure of Rights and Grievances. The delegates attending this session instructed the leaders of the colonies to begin forming militias for the battle that they were preparing to enter.Small armies were organized which angered the British soldiers. On April 19, 1775 the British soldiers marched to Lexington, Massachusetts. The colonial militia group waited for the British. It is not known who fired the first shot, thus the battles began. Being outnumbered, the colonists had to regroup. They wanted to break away from England, but fighting to form a new country was even more challenging. From these actions, a Second Contin ental Congress was held. It was decided to combine the small armies into a large Continental Army.The colonies had many concerns, Could they defeat the powerful Great Britain? Could they really choose their own leaders? Could they win, and what would they do without a king to tell them how to live? Thomas Paine the author of Common Sense pamphlet gave some advice that help the colonists realize the best thing for them to do was to break bonds with England. So in July 1776, the Continental Congress sent the Declaration of Independence to King George. What this meant was they were no longer colonists, nor British citizens, but Americans.a) There were various preliminary acts that dealt with beginning of the American Revolutionary War. The main cause of the American Revolution was the Royal resolution of 1763. After the French and Indian war was over many opportunities arose for the colonist such as moving to the western frontier. With the proclamation in effect, all the territory wes t and northwest of the river were not accessible to them not including the all the territory from Ohio to Mississippi rivers. It also established four new colonies Quebec, East Florida, West Florida, and Grenada, but it was mostly directed towards Indian territories. The King and the Indians agreed that they were not in favor of the settlers issues. Parliament was aware of the Indians association with the colonist, and they recognized that they would not have any values towards boundaries. The b narrate extended from the Atlantic all the way to the new border. The British claimed that these posts were for colonial defense and the colonies should pay for it themselves.Another reason for the American Revolution is the war between the Great Britain and France know as the French and Indian war. Great Britain used most of the coin on the war which caused them to go into debt, to earn their money back they forced taxes on their colonies. The Sugar Act was approved by the English Parliame nt in 1764, to cover the debt brought on by the war. The money was used to pay for the operating cost of running colonies and territories. It also, increased the taxes on other imported items such as sugar textiles, coffee, and wines. After the colonist verbalised their concerns towards the Stamp Act, it was finally repealed. This lead to other taxes such as the Quartering Act of 1765, Stamp Act 1765, Townsend Act 1767, and Boston Tea Party 1773, and the Intolerable Act 1774.In 1765 the Quartering Act was approved and this tax obligated the colonist to inhabit their homes for the British soldiers. Having to occupy their homes to an unfamiliar person made the colonists enraged. The quest close contact with British soldiers did not produce good feelings between the sides from Britain.The government was now controlled by Charles Townsend. His main focus was support the British Parliament. Since he was the Parliaments leader he made a great impact to influence them to pass the laws fo r the new taxes.The requirement for the Stamp Act of 1765 was to obtain stamps so they could acquire a great deal of items. The most well known item that the stamps were required for was tea. The Stamp Act taxes varied from different things. The money was used to was go to in paying to guard the colonies.All the disputes the colonies had against the Stamp Act later calmed down when the Tea Act was approved. This act contracted domination on import and exporting tea in America. December 16th was the day that numerous people in the Boston and surrounding areas decided to hear Samuel Adams speak. After he criticized the Governor for denying the ships fancy to leave with tea on board, they headed out to the harbor. Three Ships were boarded and docked, and then about 90,000 pounds of tea were thrown overboard. Parliament issued out an agreement on a chain of acts called the Intolerable Acts. As the Intolerable acts were agreed upon the docks were closed, until the tea establishment wa s reimbursed for all the tea that was lost.Taxation without representation in parliament was another(prenominal) concern that started the war. The entire colonist felt that the Britain could not control colonies from the Atlantic Ocean. The majority of the people did not want to pay taxes on their cargo that was be imported and exported daily.b) The Declaration of Independence is a vital document in history. It is one of the most widely read documents of modern history. The ideas that were formed were based on successful and unsuccessful independence movements and revolutions even after the war ended. This rule made a distinct statement in reference to the peoples rights who lived in self-reliant states. This document declared the people to be independent and free. The foundation of the Declaration of Independence, self-determination of rule, is expressed in the documents phrase, governments are instituted among men deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed. The authors of the document felt it was necessary to secure ones God given or natural rights. The day of July 2, 1776, the affiliates of the Second Continental Congress voted for the colonist freedom. It proclaimed that the xiii American colonies that were currently at war were no longer up under Britains rules. A second vote was held by the delegates and the Declaration of Independence was approved. As this document was signed on July 4, 1776, this day came to be known as the birth of America. A vast change was made in the government because of this command and the democratic government came to be. Thomas Jefferson declared, that governments were created to serve the people, and could only act with consent of the people. The declaration consists of numerous parts, but only two parts are internal that is the preamble and the independence of America. The preamble depicts the rights of the people and it states, that all men are created equal and have the God-given right to life, liber ty, and the pursuit of happiness. The second essential parts of the decree proclaim independence for the American colonist and list all the issues that the colonist had against the British.c) African Americans whether free or slaves participated in several conflicts between the English colonies and their rivals in North America. They had favorable attitudes and served with honor, bravery and distinction in the Indian and French War, the American Revolution War along with the War of 1812 just to mention a few with limited circumstances. There were some laws that excluded African-American along with Indians from military service. There were some early colonial laws and some national laws that were in place that forbid the services of African-Americans during times of conflict and war. However, at times it didnt matter what their status were, their physical strength were utilized.The American Revolutions was more than war it was a fight for liberty and freedom from slavery. Benjamin Qu arles understood the role of the minorities in the American Revolution, he presented as realizing that loyalty was not to a place or a people, but to a principle. In spite of where the loyalties of minorities lay, their contribution to the United States was often overlooked. During the American Revolutionary War, minorities fought for both entities in the war while working together to fight against inequality.During the Civil War the liberty Proclamation was established by President Abraham Lincoln, this decree contains two executive orders. On September 22, 1862 the first order was released and it basically stated if the Civil War did not end then the all slaves would be making its way into the Western territories. If the succeeded states dont come back forrader January 1st then the slaves would be free. On January 1, 1863 the second order was released and specified the states where slaves were declared free.They had to fight for their freedom. He informed them if they came back t o the union the slaves would have their freedom.The Emancipation Proclamation was the African-American Declaration of Independence. It did for a few what the Declaration of Independence did for a nation. It instilled a sense of hope and taste for freedom and equality. The idea of a people securing their natural, or God-given, rights by choosing their own form of government is an idea that was never expressed before the writing of the Declaration of Independence.